diff --git a/src/compositor-drm.c b/src/compositor-drm.c
index b987a129..53163e29 100644
--- a/src/compositor-drm.c
+++ b/src/compositor-drm.c
@@ -78,10 +78,14 @@ struct drm_output {
 	uint32_t pending_fs_surf_fb_id;
 };
 
-static int
-drm_output_prepare_render(struct weston_output *output_base)
+static void
+drm_output_repaint(struct weston_output *output_base)
 {
 	struct drm_output *output = (struct drm_output *) output_base;
+	struct drm_compositor *compositor =
+		(struct drm_compositor *) output->base.compositor;
+	struct weston_surface *surface;
+	uint32_t fb_id = 0;
 
 	glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER,
 				  GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,
@@ -89,31 +93,10 @@ drm_output_prepare_render(struct weston_output *output_base)
 				  output->rbo[output->current]);
 
 	if (glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE)
-		return -1;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void
-drm_output_repaint(struct weston_output *output)
-{
-	struct weston_compositor *compositor = output->compositor;
-	struct weston_surface *surface;
-
-	surface = container_of(compositor->surface_list.next,
-			       struct weston_surface, link);
+		return;
 
-	wl_list_for_each_reverse(surface, &compositor->surface_list, link)
-		weston_surface_draw(surface, output);
-}
-
-static int
-drm_output_present(struct weston_output *output_base)
-{
-	struct drm_output *output = (struct drm_output *) output_base;
-	struct drm_compositor *c =
-		(struct drm_compositor *) output->base.compositor;
-	uint32_t fb_id = 0;
+	wl_list_for_each_reverse(surface, &compositor->base.surface_list, link)
+		weston_surface_draw(surface, &output->base);
 
 	glFlush();
 
@@ -125,14 +108,14 @@ drm_output_present(struct weston_output *output_base)
 		fb_id = output->fb_id[output->current ^ 1];
 	}
 
-	if (drmModePageFlip(c->drm.fd, output->crtc_id,
+	if (drmModePageFlip(compositor->drm.fd, output->crtc_id,
 			    fb_id,
 			    DRM_MODE_PAGE_FLIP_EVENT, output) < 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "queueing pageflip failed: %m\n");
-		return -1;
+		return;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	return;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -566,9 +549,7 @@ create_output_for_connector(struct drm_compositor *ec,
 	wl_list_insert(ec->base.output_list.prev, &output->base.link);
 
 	output->pending_fs_surf_fb_id = 0;
-	output->base.prepare_render = drm_output_prepare_render;
 	output->base.repaint = drm_output_repaint;
-	output->base.present = drm_output_present;
 	output->base.prepare_scanout_surface =
 		drm_output_prepare_scanout_surface;
 	output->base.set_hardware_cursor = drm_output_set_cursor;
diff --git a/src/compositor-openwfd.c b/src/compositor-openwfd.c
index a5bb2653..aa4e5a91 100644
--- a/src/compositor-openwfd.c
+++ b/src/compositor-openwfd.c
@@ -85,10 +85,13 @@ union wfd_geometry {
 	WFDint array[4];
 };
 
-static int
-wfd_output_prepare_render(struct weston_output *output_base)
+static void
+wfd_output_repaint(struct weston_output *output_base)
 {
 	struct wfd_output *output = (struct wfd_output *) output_base;
+	struct weston_surface *surface;
+	struct wfd_compositor *compositor =
+		(struct wfd_compositor *) output->base.compositor;
 
 	glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER,
 				  GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,
@@ -98,37 +101,19 @@ wfd_output_prepare_render(struct weston_output *output_base)
 	if (glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE)
 		return -1;
 
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void
-wfd_output_repaint(struct weston_output *output)
-{
-	struct weston_compositor *compositor;
-	struct weston_surface *surface;
-
 	wl_list_for_each_reverse(surface, &compositor->surface_list, link)
 		weston_surface_draw(surface, output);
-}
 
-static int
-wfd_output_present(struct weston_output *output_base)
-{
-	struct wfd_output *output = (struct wfd_output *) output_base;
-	struct wfd_compositor *c =
-		(struct wfd_compositor *) output->base.compositor;
-
-	if (wfd_output_prepare_render(&output->base))
-		return -1;
 	glFlush();
 
 	output->current ^= 1;
 
-	wfdBindSourceToPipeline(c->dev, output->pipeline,
+	wfdBindSourceToPipeline(compositor->dev, output->pipeline,
 				output->source[output->current ^ 1],
 				WFD_TRANSITION_AT_VSYNC, NULL);
 
-	wfdDeviceCommit(c->dev, WFD_COMMIT_PIPELINE, output->pipeline);
+	wfdDeviceCommit(compositor->dev,
+			WFD_COMMIT_PIPELINE, output->pipeline);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -416,9 +401,7 @@ create_output_for_port(struct wfd_compositor *ec,
 
 	wfdDeviceCommit(ec->dev, WFD_COMMIT_ENTIRE_DEVICE, WFD_INVALID_HANDLE);
 
-	output->base.prepare_render = wfd_output_prepare_render;
 	output->base.repaint = wfd_output_repaint;
-	output->base.present = wfd_output_present;
 	output->base.prepare_scanout_surface =
 		wfd_output_prepare_scanout_surface;
 	output->base.set_hardware_cursor = wfd_output_set_cursor;
diff --git a/src/compositor-wayland.c b/src/compositor-wayland.c
index c9092539..48ccd0e1 100644
--- a/src/compositor-wayland.c
+++ b/src/compositor-wayland.c
@@ -161,31 +161,6 @@ wayland_compositor_init_egl(struct wayland_compositor *c)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int
-wayland_output_prepare_render(struct weston_output *output_base)
-{
-	struct wayland_output *output = (struct wayland_output *) output_base;
-	struct weston_compositor *ec = output->base.compositor;
-
-	if (!eglMakeCurrent(ec->display, output->egl_surface,
-			    output->egl_surface, ec->context)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "failed to make current\n");
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void
-wayland_output_repaint(struct weston_output *output)
-{
-	struct weston_compositor *compositor = output->compositor;
-	struct weston_surface *surface;
-
-	wl_list_for_each_reverse(surface, &compositor->surface_list, link)
-		weston_surface_draw(surface, output);
-}
-
 static void
 frame_done(void *data, struct wl_callback *wl_callback, uint32_t time)
 {
@@ -198,22 +173,29 @@ static const struct wl_callback_listener frame_listener = {
 	frame_done
 };
 
-static int
-wayland_output_present(struct weston_output *output_base)
+static void
+wayland_output_repaint(struct weston_output *output_base)
 {
 	struct wayland_output *output = (struct wayland_output *) output_base;
-	struct wayland_compositor *c =
+	struct wayland_compositor *compositor =
 		(struct wayland_compositor *) output->base.compositor;
 	struct wl_callback *callback;
+	struct weston_surface *surface;
 
-	if (wayland_output_prepare_render(&output->base))
-		return -1;
+	if (!eglMakeCurrent(compositor->base.display, output->egl_surface,
+			    output->egl_surface, compositor->base.context)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "failed to make current\n");
+		return;
+	}
 
-	eglSwapBuffers(c->base.display, output->egl_surface);
+	wl_list_for_each_reverse(surface, &compositor->base.surface_list, link)
+		weston_surface_draw(surface, &output->base);
+
+	eglSwapBuffers(compositor->base.display, output->egl_surface);
 	callback = wl_surface_frame(output->parent.surface);
 	wl_callback_add_listener(callback, &frame_listener, output);
 
-	return 0;
+	return;
 }
 
 static int
@@ -300,9 +282,7 @@ wayland_compositor_create_output(struct wayland_compositor *c,
 
 	glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
 
-	output->base.prepare_render = wayland_output_prepare_render;
 	output->base.repaint = wayland_output_repaint;
-	output->base.present = wayland_output_present;
 	output->base.prepare_scanout_surface =
 		wayland_output_prepare_scanout_surface;
 	output->base.set_hardware_cursor = wayland_output_set_cursor;
diff --git a/src/compositor-x11.c b/src/compositor-x11.c
index 771bf69d..08306b93 100644
--- a/src/compositor-x11.c
+++ b/src/compositor-x11.c
@@ -185,29 +185,26 @@ x11_compositor_fini_egl(struct x11_compositor *compositor)
 	eglReleaseThread();
 }
 
-static int
-x11_output_prepare_render(struct weston_output *output_base)
+static void
+x11_output_repaint(struct weston_output *output_base)
 {
-	struct x11_output *output = (struct x11_output *) output_base;
-	struct weston_compositor *ec = output->base.compositor;
+	struct x11_output *output = (struct x11_output *)output_base;
+	struct x11_compositor *compositor =
+		(struct x11_compositor *)output->base.compositor;
+	struct weston_surface *surface;
 
-	if (!eglMakeCurrent(ec->display, output->egl_surface,
-			    output->egl_surface, ec->context)) {
+	if (!eglMakeCurrent(compositor->base.display, output->egl_surface,
+			    output->egl_surface, compositor->base.context)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "failed to make current\n");
-		return -1;
+		return;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
-}
+	wl_list_for_each_reverse(surface, &compositor->base.surface_list, link)
+		weston_surface_draw(surface, &output->base);
 
-static void
-x11_output_repaint(struct weston_output *output)
-{
-	struct weston_compositor *compositor = output->compositor;
-	struct weston_surface *surface;
+	eglSwapBuffers(compositor->base.display, output->egl_surface);
 
-	wl_list_for_each_reverse(surface, &compositor->surface_list, link)
-		weston_surface_draw(surface, output);
+	wl_event_source_timer_update(output->finish_frame_timer, 10);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -224,22 +221,6 @@ finish_frame_handler(void *data)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int
-x11_output_present(struct weston_output *output_base)
-{
-	struct x11_output *output = (struct x11_output *) output_base;
-	struct weston_compositor *ec = output->base.compositor;
-
-	if (x11_output_prepare_render(&output->base))
-		return -1;
-
-	eglSwapBuffers(ec->display, output->egl_surface);
-
-	wl_event_source_timer_update(output->finish_frame_timer, 10);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int
 x11_output_prepare_scanout_surface(struct weston_output *output_base,
 				   struct weston_surface *es)
@@ -471,9 +452,7 @@ x11_compositor_create_output(struct x11_compositor *c, int x, int y,
 	output->finish_frame_timer =
 		wl_event_loop_add_timer(loop, finish_frame_handler, output);
 
-	output->base.prepare_render = x11_output_prepare_render;
 	output->base.repaint = x11_output_repaint;
-	output->base.present = x11_output_present;
 	output->base.prepare_scanout_surface =
 		x11_output_prepare_scanout_surface;
 	output->base.set_hardware_cursor = x11_output_set_cursor;
diff --git a/src/compositor.c b/src/compositor.c
index 93c76c70..b6a14189 100644
--- a/src/compositor.c
+++ b/src/compositor.c
@@ -810,8 +810,6 @@ weston_output_repaint(struct weston_output *output)
 	pixman_region32_t opaque, new_damage, total_damage,
 		overlap, surface_overlap;
 
-	output->prepare_render(output);
-
 	glViewport(0, 0, output->current->width, output->current->height);
 
 	weston_output_set_cursor(output, ec->input_device,
@@ -884,7 +882,6 @@ repaint(struct weston_output *output, int msecs)
 	weston_output_repaint(output);
 	output->repaint_needed = 0;
 	output->repaint_scheduled = 1;
-	output->present(output);
 
 	wl_list_for_each_safe(cb, cnext, &output->frame_callback_list, link) {
 		wl_resource_post_event(&cb->resource, WL_CALLBACK_DONE, msecs);
diff --git a/src/compositor.h b/src/compositor.h
index d7eeae7f..da37a0a5 100644
--- a/src/compositor.h
+++ b/src/compositor.h
@@ -87,9 +87,7 @@ struct weston_output {
 	struct wl_buffer *pending_scanout_buffer;
 	struct wl_listener pending_scanout_buffer_destroy_listener;
 
-	int (*prepare_render)(struct weston_output *output);
 	void (*repaint)(struct weston_output *output);
-	int (*present)(struct weston_output *output);
 	int (*prepare_scanout_surface)(struct weston_output *output,
 				       struct weston_surface *es);
 	int (*set_hardware_cursor)(struct weston_output *output,